Far-Red Radiation Transmission Through Water

Dana Riddle

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I am examining the effects of far-red radiation on coral photosynthesis. The first stage is looking at transmission, and here it is:
upload_2019-1-21_10-59-21.png
Many thanks to Orphek for supplying this luminaire!
 
Is the light intensity in PPFD?
 
Following this for sure, I have been intrigued on the unknown for this range.
 
Is the light intensity in PPFD?
No, it's a count of photons as reported by an Ocean Optics spectrometer. Older OO software offered a conversion of counts to PFD, not sure if the new OceanView does that. I loved their early iterations, they were so easy to use. OceanView is unnecessarily complicated.
 
Here's a screenshot of zooxanthellae chlorophyll fluorescence over the course of about two hours. Recall that fluorescence decreases as photochemistry increases. Midway through the chart the fluorescence becomes highly erratic - this is exposure to *only* radiation at 840nm. Fluorescence is relatively stable when two light sources are used (red and 840nm; blue and 840nm.) Of course, no one exposes their corals to only 840nm radiation. The real questions are why fluorescence stabilizes when two light sources are used and why it is unstable under only LED radiation peaking at 840nm.

etr.jpg
 
WOW INTERESTING STUFF DANA
 
Any updates?
I'm guessing - skeletons of living corals can contain quite a few types of bacteria. Purple and green sulfur bacteria are photosynthetic and can absorb wavelengths around 850nm or so. This could be what the fluorometer saw. Or perhaps not. I spoke with a bioengineer in Texas about this and he was stumped. I'm not very concerned since I don't plan to illuminate the tank with only IR. On another note, European researchers have found that IR treatments can kill certain types of bacteria although details (to me) are sketchy.
 
I'm guessing - skeletons of living corals can contain quite a few types of bacteria. Purple and green sulfur bacteria are photosynthetic and can absorb wavelengths around 850nm or so. This could be what the fluorometer saw. Or perhaps not. I spoke with a bioengineer in Texas about this and he was stumped. I'm not very concerned since I don't plan to illuminate the tank with only IR. On another note, European researchers have found that IR treatments can kill certain types of bacteria although details (to me) are sketchy.

Interesting! Is there any advantage using wavelengths above 660nm? I’m seeing a number of light units (LED) using higher wavelength but I’m not sure why. As far as I can tell corals bellow 20m can’t even access red light and I don’t believe corals require red light to thrive at all. Jason Fox uses blue light only to grow and propagate his corals. What are your thoughts? Cheers
 
Interesting! Is there any advantage using wavelengths above 660nm? I’m seeing a number of light units (LED) using higher wavelength but I’m not sure why. As far as I can tell corals bellow 20m can’t even access red light and I don’t believe corals require red light to thrive at all. Jason Fox uses blue light only to grow and propagate his corals. What are your thoughts? Cheers
A little background: There are two Photosystems - Photosystem I (PSI) and Photosystem II (PSII). Within each of these is a Reaction Center (specialized chlorophyll a) where the photosynthetic processes begin (or begins to get serious). The Reaction Center in PSII absorbs light at 680nm; PSI at 700nm. The problem is that there aren't many Reaction Centers, so photopigments called accessory pigments collect light and channel it to the Reaction Centers. These include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c2, and peridinin. These collect light across a wide bandwidth, ranging from UV-A to far red (a little above 700nm.) Hence, red light isn't necessary but can be used if available.
 
A little background: There are two Photosystems - Photosystem I (PSI) and Photosystem II (PSII). Within each of these is a Reaction Center (specialized chlorophyll a) where the photosynthetic processes begin (or begins to get serious). The Reaction Center in PSII absorbs light at 680nm; PSI at 700nm. The problem is that there aren't many Reaction Centers, so photopigments called accessory pigments collect light and channel it to the Reaction Centers. These include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c2, and peridinin. These collect light across a wide bandwidth, ranging from UV-A to far red (a little above 700nm.) Hence, red light isn't necessary but can be used if available.
Awesome description very appreciated!
 

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