First Ever Sump Build

Placentasaur

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Hey there! My name is Cody and I have started a few freshwater tanks in the recent years including a 55 Gallon cichlid tank, a 55 Gallon Ranchu tank, a 29 Gallon female betta sorority and several 2.5-5 gallon tanks containing male bettas. Now the hobby has gotten to be ever more fun and evolving for me as my first fish that started all of these much larger fish tanks that I own was a single betta in a 10 gallon planted tank that I later added neon tetras and some rasbora.
All that being said, I have been buying everything I need to start my first saltwater tank piece by piece. I purchased a 75 gallon tank and really want to make my own sump out of a 40 gallon breeder. I will be doing as much as I can DIY to save on cost as well as.. well it makes me feel good to create nice things lol. Below is a link to see my very crude and not quite to scale picture I drew on Microsoft Paint to plan out most of what I would like my 40 Gallon sump to look like and contain. Please take a look at what I've sketched up and give me any comments or concerns to my mock up.
So far I have bought: 75 Gallon Petco Tank. 40 Gallon Petco Tank. Reef Octopus Classic 150INT. 16" Shadow Overflow - Synergy Reef Systems, BRS Deluxe Reactor.


https://bobsaggit.smugmug.com/40-Gallon-Breeder-Sump/i-Mq7MLmT/A
 
Here is my sketch

40Sump.png
 
Just completed the exact same build...just added the 150INT on Friday and it is very quiet but does take up a lot of room..chevk out my build thread...i would recommend the sump kit over doing self cut glass...very quiet and you can configure as needed...just take your time...good luck...
 
Dude! Thank you so much for posting your link. I absolutely love the stand you made and will be using your design almost identically!!
Do you have any insight or comments on my sump design though? I really was planning on making measurements and ordering pre-cut glass then siliconing in all my baffles more or less as my sketch portrays. I feel like after all my research.. my design will hold up for the lifetime of the 75 gallon tank. I'm just wishfully thinking though as I have never made anything like this before and all I've learned thus far is from Youtube.
 
I just completed building a stand and 40g sump project. You can look at it here...I tried to give a lot of details:

https://www.reef2reef.com/threads/idocs-first-reef-tank-build-75g.317135/

I started out the exact same way...tried to design my 40g breeder sump like a Trigger systems sump. But, after looking into it further, I ended up going much simpler with the design. I think the fancy trigger sumps have all those crazy bells and whistles to attempt to justify >$350 for an acrylic box, lol. I used the following design for my sump, and so far, I'm very happy with it. This design allows for tons of space for future expansion...or can be altered to allow increased refugium space as well. So far, the refug space is plenty for me!

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Some notes to consider:

1. The 40g breeder is the same width as the 75g tank. So, make sure you design your sump area of your stand to allow for this! In my design, I added about 5-6" on the back of my stand so my sump area wasn't so crowded. It also gives a nice little shelf behind the DT for storing stuff, lol.
2. Acrylic vs Glass baffles...I highly recommend glass baffles, 1/4" thickness minimum. When I bought my sump used, it had a single 1/4" acrylic baffles in it...bowed terribly! I believe the reason for this is the long width of the 40g breeder tank! Smaller width sumps probably don't have much problems with bowing, but that 40g breeder acrylic panel sure was bowed when I got it. Plus, glass bonds better to glass with silicone...acrylic not as good. I got the glass baffles cut with safety edges (a definite must) and rounded corners for the bottom pieces for $34 at a glass shop I found in town.
3. Fancy sections for drain pipe and sock holder area... Go simple here! Those fancy designs take up so much critical space in your sump! Plus, that first drain chamber is going to be a huge detritus trap that will be hard to clean out! Another downside...I initially had an almost identical design...the glass baffle special cuts were going to cost me over $200 alone! I now use a simple filter sock holder and let the drain go into my first chamber...easy cleaning access!
4. Bubble traps.... In my opinion, a huge waste of space! I have one final bubble trap and now I think that could have been done away with! I get no bubbles in the return section...and I get no bubbles in the refugium which is after the skimmer section! If you do use bubble traps...I recommend 2" between. Two reasons for this: first, easy to get your hand in there to clean the glass, and secondly so you could make a small egg-crate shelf to fit in between the baffles in order to place media if you later choose.
5. Use your skimmer to determine the water height for the skimmer section
6. Make sure you calculate the "open" space above your baffles in order to ensure you can handle the back siphon from the DT. It's easy to calculate and it is so often overlooked. A good piece of mind for when you shut off that pump...which will be often!!
7. Leave your return section big enough that you can have a good amount of water in there...this will keep your ATO from constantly turning on and running its pump! The space in my drawing is very good so far for me. I use a Tunze Osmolator ATO and freakin' love it!
8. Refug before or after the return section... Mainly preference here and what you plan to do with your refug. I have a 4x turnover rate going through my sump and so having it in the middle is ok for me. If you were trying to go with a 10x or greater turnover system, then putting it to the right of the sump would make more sense.
9. Use dark glass for your refug sump area! I used clear glass and the algae spillover from the refug light is growing green algae other places in my sump...but, it is sucking nutrients out of my DT, so I guess not too bad for now!
10. I saw somewhere you might be using Pukani rock? So did I...love it. But, plan on curing it for at least 6 weeks before putting into your DT! The stuff is so freakin dirty and full of organics deep in. The smell was putrid for the first few days...you don't want that crap in your DT while it is cycling!!! I cured mine in regular de-chlorinated tap water for 6 weeks and that seemed to work very well with minimal leaching so far (phosphates the biggest).
11. I agree with other posts (did you make 2 posts on this?...I seem to have read other posts with this same drawing that aren't on this post for some reason). No biopellot or GFO reactor until much later when it is needed. You don't want that stuff during the cycle anyway!
12. Don't run your lights during the cycle!

Hope this helps! Good luck!
 
Hey Idoc! Thank you very much for your in depth response dude. I'll try my best to respond lol.
1. I'll definitely be accommodating space in my DIY stand. I'm probably gonna start that next weekend and try my best to document my progress.
2. I would definitely prefer glass baffles and conjuring up a way to keep light out of my refugium. I do not want my sump baffles bowing for sure.. however someone in another thread (Yes I did make this same thread in another section of R2R xD) directly quoted a response from Krylon saying they DO NOT recommend their product for under water applications especially with livestock. Yikes!... but I'm sure I'll think of something.
https://www.reef2reef.com/threads/first-ever-sump-build-advice.341459/
3. I've been told by a few people now to skip the drain chamber and it makes complete sense to me to save that crucial space. I'm going to work on editing my design to remove it. I see now it's a bit redundant.
4. The whole bubble trap thing has been a total 50/50 online. I think my best bet is to install a bubble trap.. but like you said.. add some length to add some additional filter media. after all... It will be a whole lot easier to remove baffles in the future than it will be to add them.
5. I definitely will.
6, 7. Very good advice, I will surely do so.
8. My overflow is rated for 1500 gallons but my tank is only 75 gallons. I will probably be looking for somewhere around 10x so... I'll need to do some research on refugiums being last.
9. 100% I will find a way to keep my light from escaping my refugium area.
10. Yes I will be using all Pukani. BRS said the same thing and gave super helpful advice to cure any dry live rock. They also mentioned the rancid smell lol.
11. Yes sir! I will have them available but am being super super ECTRA patient for my first saltwater build. It's extremely hard.. but I've put so much time and money in already.. I'm too invested lol. My research has even made me take substantial breaks from WoW, LoL and Overwatch hahaha.
12. For sure. And when ready.. I will have my refugium and DT on separate light cycles.
 
Per #8... the overflow rating won't determine your turnover rate... it will be determined by your return pump. If you get a DC pump, you will be able to change your turnover rate, which is basically how much goes through your sump. I use a Varios6 on only the second setting.

My turnover rate is around 4x
My flow rate is around 33x-36x
 
Hmm.. how exactly do I calculate my flow rate in relation to my turnover rate @Idoc ? How much would you recommend for a 75 Gallon tank and would your recommended flow rate be too much for a refugium in my described set up?
I was going to get a DC pump for sure.
 
Flow rate is the flow that is in your DT only. Turnover rate is how often water goes through your sump per hour.

Flow Rate = Total DT Gph flow / DT volume

Turnover Rate = Return pump gph / DT volume + Sump volume

Example:
75g DT
40g Sump (but only 25g actual h20 vol)
1150 gph powerhead
1150 gph powerhead
1720gph return pump at a 5ft head pressure (1050gph) set on 2 of 5 settings (1050/5 = 210gph per setting increment; therefore 420gph return flow)

Turnover Rate = 420gph / (75g + 25g) = 4.2x

Flow Rate = (420gph + 1150gph + 1150gph) / 75g = 36x

Lol... those are my tank figures!

Hope it helps!
 
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As for how much flow for a 75g... that's totally up to you and what you want to accomplish.

From what I've researched...

SPS shoot for flow rates around 30-50x
LPS shoot for flow rates around 20x

Older school thought was a turnover rate at 10x. But that was when the return pump was mainly used to create flow in the tank. Now that powerheads do most of that work, the return pump is more for turnover rather than flow. So many shoot for a turnover rate between 4-6x. Now the new triton method many are pushing for now actually turnover around 10x... but don't quote me on the triton method stuff.
 
I would keep it simple:

Skimmer
GFO Reactor
Heater
Return Pump

That’s all I run and tank is doing great! I would look into good flow, lights and water changes
 
@Idoc DUDE. I can't tell you how much I appreciate you taking the time to type all that up. You made all that so clear to me now. From the sounds of it.. I want your exact set up lol. Do you have any pictures of your tank and sump to share?? :)
 
Yeah Coralreefer, I know that's all good to do but I'd like to minimize my water changes and keep things as clean as possible without overdoing anything. So far I think I'm on the right path as far as my research shows.
 
@Idoc DUDE. I can't tell you how much I appreciate you taking the time to type all that up. You made all that so clear to me now. From the sounds of it.. I want your exact set up lol. Do you have any pictures of your tank and sump to share?? :)

My build thread link is in one of the posts above. My tank is relatively young... only a couple months post-cycle. So, not too much to look at... taking it very slowly here!

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