It's one of the hardest parasites to "cure" as it hasn't been studied thoroughly (like ich) and always seems to come back no matter what you do (IMO). So, almost everything that is known about it comes from anecdotal experience. Supposedly it doesn't even need a host to continue it's life cycle. Once it gets into a tank, it is there as long as the tank is setup, but is opportunistic and only strikes when a fish's immune system has been compromised.
Best treatment option is metronidazole. I have had some success treating with that. I've also seen acriflavine mentioned as a possible treatment; but I have no experience using that medication. Chloroquine phosphate also treats Uronema, but that is very difficult to obtain. Whereas metro is widely available - sold by Seachem, API General Cure contains it, etc.
These fish need to be treated with metro ASAP or most, if not all, will likely perish.