My take on your situation:
Your po4 is far too low for bacteria to thrive with such high nitrate levels. I would dose po4 along with carbon dosing (ESV TE+ is twice as potent as NOPOX in my experience) while skimming wet 24/7. Without efficient skimming (wet, like a weak green tea tint to it) or sufficient balance of po4 vs no3, you're not going to get very far in dropping levels. Also, change your filter socks at the very least every 3 days.
In my experience also, water changes won't do much to drop no3 unless you're physically removing the source (decaying food/organic matter) in the process. Just changing water is spinning wheels unless you're trying to correct an elemental imbalance imo.
I've tried raising po4 by overfeeding with sufficient nitrate and had zero success. I'm talking pellets and flake about 2 to 3 times an hour for 9 hours a day. Only thing that went up was nitrate...
Lastly, crank the lighting on that chaeto and run it 24/7 as it will pull good amounts of no3 out of the water. Again, this will NOT occur without sufficient po4 present in the water. Bacteria need BOTH to thrive, if you're deficient on one, they dwindle and cannot uptake either.