1 part vinegar and 10 parts water will clean it just fine, too. No reason to jump to the acid if you're nervous at all about it. How dense is your bio load for the tank? Do you feed heavy or light?
1. The over flow is most likely happening because the downward pressure of the proteins on the bubbles is lighter than the skimmer is rated for. The volute shouldn't really have an affect on this, but I'm not confident enough to rule it out 100%. Just very unlikely.
2. Epoxies will certainly cause skimmer issues like you're seeing.
3. So will messing with Filter Socks.