Hi there - I can offer you a few solutions based on my experience in maintaining clean tanks. Let's start with the cycling process.
To establish a healthy cycle in your tank, it's important not to rush. Keep the lights off for an extended period. Introduce copepods and feed phytoplankton to promote a thriving ecosystem. Once it's safe, you can gradually add some utilitarian fish, they'll help keep the scape clean. It's crucial to observe your tank daily, looking for any signs of algae growth. At this point, you can introduce a Clean-Up Crew (CUC) consisting of Mexican Turbos, Asteris and Nerite snails, conchs, and blue leg crabs. Continue to monitor your tank, being proactive in addressing any issues that arise. Consider adding an algae scrubber that operates on an opposite light schedule once the CUC is established. It's important to ensure that the CUC, including conchs that are beneficial for sand beds, are actively contributing to keeping the tank clean.
With your small army fighting for you and the algae scrubber in place, it's time to fine-tune your water flow. By now, you should have a clear idea of your desired coral scape. Optimize the flow to minimize dead zones while maintaining good overall circulation. Start with a strong flow and adjust the intensity as needed, ensuring that it doesn't cause sand to blow around excessively.
Regarding water changes, my approach is somewhat divided. I tend to do more frequent water changes in the initial stages (first few months) and decrease their frequency afterwards. However, I find that regular water changes contribute to overall stability. Once you have a reasonable bioload, running a protein skimmer is recommended. I personally run mine for 20 out of 24 hours a day. It's also beneficial to have beneficial bacteria in the water column, combating harmful bacteria. Adjust the skimmer duration based on your tank size; four hours typically work for my 120-gallon setup. Consider using RowaPhos in a reactor early on to maintain phosphate levels and control silicates if it becomes problematic.
Lastly, it's a good idea to have a UV sterilizer on hand in case you encounter a bloom. Although rare, it's always better to be prepared. Keep a close eye on your tank and take proactive measures. Running a UV sterilizer can reduce the need for frequent glass cleaning, but it's still important to clean the glass regularly. I personally clean mine every day, as I prefer a dust-free appearance. Without a UV sterilizer, you might find that cleaning is required every two days or so.
I hope these suggestions help you maintain a clean and thriving tank! Good luck, also everyone has different approaches to things, this is just mine.
