Temperature is most important as heater failure is one or most frequently failed equipment , causing tank crashes . Temp sensor is required for detecting such failure and preventing it.
water level sensor (such as optical or float switches ) are second most critical sensor (won’t call them probe) for maintaining salinity
pH probe are the third most important ones for checking tank is getting 7-8 pH, which impacts sps growth. Also dialing down calcium reactor or dosing regimen
orp probe is fourth common probe that detects suddenly change in chemistry , although there’s no direct use of , but it can be useful detecting fish death or some other changes that impact tank water’s redid potential
Ec probe (also called as salinity ) are used to detect salinity level.
I think both orp and ec are of not that much value due to their limited usage and then being very expensive. pH is expensive as well , but I can see it being very useful for dialing down dosing, so for sps, I highly recommend it. Temp probe I’ll always recommend .