Biggest cost barriers are probably going to be determined by what filament you plan to use. PLA is good for deskcluter prints as I call them. PETG works fairly well for anything you may want to put in the aquarium. Both those materials are easy to print with but pretty low strength. If you want to step up to Nylonx or ABS filament then you are going to need to enclose and vent your printer. Depending on the printer this can add 200-800 to the cost. You can go nuts on upgrades if you wanted to do true 3D printing, (all commercially available printers are 2.5D) but you can get a pretty good machine, upgrade the hothead, a few spools, and pick up a few nozzles for under $800. I usually machine my parts just because it’s quicker but the printer below can be put together for under a grand.
As for learning curve it’s really dependent on what tolerances you need. If you are +/- 0.1” then it’s not hard at all. If you are going for 0.002” then be prepared for a learning curve.