Because my 60 minutes where expiered.
The tested water is reactor effluent water ? Having 0 nitrate and 0 nitrite does not exclude ammonia production due to sulfate reduction. For removing HS in an anoxic reactor nitrate is needed. HS will not be smelled. If HS is produced this may be shown by ammonium being present in the effluent. The water must be saturated with HS before H2S is smelled. No panic, produced HS will be oxidized when leaving the reactor. ( normally the reactor effluent water is aerated before entering the system to stabilize pH)
Slowely increase flow. And wait a few days. Having nitrate in the effluent is not a problem as long there is less nitrate in the effluent as in the influent. ( the effluent is aerated) The daily nitrate removal rate is daily flow true the reactor x ( influent NO3 - effluent NO3) At a high nitrate level an anoxic kept reactor may be able to lower the nitrate level, which means more as the daily nitrate overproduction is removed daily. Wich means also the nitrate level will decent and less nitrate can be removed at the same drip rate, till the moment the critical point is reached and the removal rate equals the overproduction. What to do now? How an anoxic kept ( ORP controlled?) reactor may continue to lower the nitrate level? Often seen at this critical point is that users decide to lower the flow in an attempt to increase the anoxic zone with a very unpleasant result, a result which has given sulfur reactors a very bad name. Lowering the flow can never increase the removal rate as a reactor can only remove what is entered. For this reason, it is better to start increasing the flow from the beginning, only a bit more as the daily nitrate overproduction must be removed to lower the nitrate level. This way creating a real BADES reactor. No need for 0 nitrates in the effluent after startup, which also eliminates the risk for nitrate starvation within the reactor. A BADES reactor must be big enough, mainly to be able to consume the increasing amount of oxygen entered when increasing the flow. For example: to remove 1ppm nitrate daily at a level of 10 ppm the daily flow must be at least 1/10 of the total system volume. To remove the same amount when the level has descended to 5 ppm the flow must be doubled. To bring the nitrate level at 1ppm the daily flow must be at least equal to the total system volume. In most cases a 1% reactor will be able to handle a flow of the total system volume daily. An anoxic kept sulphur reactor can be usefull for LNS and VLNS having a very low daily nitrate production, if managed properly.
An ORP probe does not work at all for managing a BADES reactor. ORP is OK but standard ORP reading ( probe) is not very sensitive for oxygen changes, not suitable for managing the oxygen content and certainly not for preventing sulfate reduction in an anoxic reactor. Not suitable for estimating the DO content in the reactor or in the effluent water. A waist of money for this purpose. There is no need for keeping a sulfur (BADES) reactor annoxic for removing nitrate ref:
https://www.baharini.eu/baharini/doku.php?id=nl:makazi:het_water:orp ref:
https://www.baharini.eu/baharini/doku.php?id=en:makazi:het_water:orp
BADES works fine without a reactor, in normal aquarium conditions. Just by adding sulfur to the filter bed of a biofilter ref:
https://www.baharini.eu/baharini/do...es:het_bio-filter_dat_geen_nitraat_produceert.
