Sch 80 is a thicker wall pipe than sch 40 the largest difference is pressure rating, this varies by size but for aquarium use sizes sch40 would handle roughly 200psi (generally fine) where sch80 will handle roughly 400psi. The only time i use sch80 professionally is when plumbing large water treatment plants where your likely to meet theses high pressures. At the bottom of water towers or off of a 10hp booster pump for example. The other use for sch80 is that due to the thickness, its good if you need to thread and tap your own pipe for odd connections. Pvc cleaner, primer, and glue is the same for both of these materials.