I am unaware of any parasites or diseases in clams that are communicable to fish. Certainly not Marine Velvet. Yes, clams have their own list of maladies, most notably pyramid snails, so if you have any other clams, that big clam needs to be QT'd. However, if it were me, and this were my only clam, I would likely go ahead and add it. If you have other clams, and still really want the 14" one (and who doesn't), I would at least try to get the chance to view it after lights out and look for the snails. If that turns up negative, still give it the tooth brush scrub all over the shell and base to make sure no eggs are there.
I am by no means an authority on any of this, but based on my reading and my experiences, I would not think the clam would have an impact on the fallow period, which in your case is there to starve out the marine velvet, which is not known (IME) to affect clams. Apologies to the previous poster for the contradiction.