Really? I've never noticed coral polyps expelling zooxanthellae. I know they can and do, I've just never seen it.
The ramp up and ramp down time is probably not part of the time that photosynthesis happens. The zooxanthellae needs high PAR levels to drive the process. I doubt less total hours is the issue. Maybe you could try dialing back the peak power levels a bit and see what happens.
Do you know what the PAR levels are in your tank? It's not critical to know, but if you can access a PAR meter, it can be helpful information.
BTW, I run a 4 hour ramp up (sunrise), 8 hours of peak (or very near peak) light and then 5 hours of ramp down (sunset). The sunrise and sunset has almost nothing to do with how well corals or anything else in the tank does. It's 99% for our human viewing enjoyment. I love corals that fluoresce and therefore I run long blue sunrise and sunset sessions.
Hope this helps?