Ok, I will start out with a little RODI 101. Your RODI system is made up of 3 basic groups. The prefilters (sediment and carbon), RO filter (ro membrane(s), and finally the DI (cation & anion). The sole purpose of the prefilters is to protect the RO membrane. The sediment filter removes the larger particles down to what ever size filter you buy. I have a .2 micron prefilter but the norm is 5 or 1 micron. You then have the carbon filter. It absorbs any chemicals that might hurt the ro membrane, mainly chlorine. If chlorine makes it to the membrane it can eat holes in it. That is different from chloramines, which will not hurt the ro membrane but will chew thru your DI. The prefilters have no affect on the tds. You then have the ro membrane which is the main workhorse of the system and pulls out most of the bad stuff. How much depends on its efficiency rating. Most say 95% but the name brands usually are around 98%. I paid a little extra and got a 99% one. If you keep up with your prefilter changes your ro membrane should last 5+ years. Quick hit - the ro membrane is .0001 microns. So now you have your DI filter(s) which they are there for clean-up.
Honestly it is hard to diagnose anything without tap tds numbers. We need the tds going into the sediment filter and after the ro membrane. This will tell us if the membrane is ok or not. Also, it might be a good idea for you to invest in a pressure gauge and install it after the sediment filter. Write down what your pressure is with a new sediment filter and when you see a big drop off in pressure you know it is clogged up and time to get a new one.
If you are worried about the silicon then maybe look at this special di cartridge.
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