Hi everyone again, I'll try not to hijack this thread with my own tanks but I am interested in the chemistry and biochemistry of what happens with carbon dosing? And the vinegar chart - is that 5% acetic acid in 500 ml in white vinegar, if I could ask please?
My angle is FOWLR but anything good for a reef is interesting because they have to be very stable in terms of salinity, pH and temperature to name a few parameters. So thanks to all the posters here esp Redfishbluefish, Saltyhog and Dragging tail for the info in this post.
I understand that this whole thing works by encouraging anaerobic bacteria to feed on nitrate. Those bacteria can only live in very low oxygen concentrations which can be present in low density LR or certain ceramic media or a foot deep DSB (!). From my angle I don't understand exactly how this works biochemically. From posters here I have read that NOPOX, additions of commercial bacteria (if that is possible with anaerobic bacteria) and either vinegar or vodka (does sugar work?) or both all work to reduce nitrate.
Is there a relationship between nitrate and phosphate chemistry? Or pH? I'm aware of the buffer qualities of hardness (carbonate or general) with massive pH swings (I have this from fresh water chemistry). I'm FOWLR at the moment, so my interest is cutting down slightly on the water changes I need to do. In the past and I'm sure it will happen again with my current systems my nitrate climbs over 40 ppm quite quickly.
I have had to do 25% weekly in the past to keep it under control. I think my underlying is feeding frozen food and flake to the damsels when I had those. Now it's garlic enriched brine and mysis. My current fish have only been in the DT, which is under observational QT, since Monday (occelaris clowns and coral beauty) and I'm still finding how much to feed and when (Nori being added next time I'm in a supermaket). But that nitrate will climb so I'm up for a 25% wc this weekend.
Again, I think my underlying issues are overfeeding and nitrate being released from the LR or sand, even though I did two 100% changes in the DT after I lost my last damsel. That using water I'd made up in my build tank and let it stabilise for a week before transferring to DT so as not to destroy the bacteria in my LR. I'm not going to dose anything but will go with a 25% wc this weekend. Anyway sorry for the thread hijack bit there - that was my context.
I found another post useful on this thread concerning detritus in sand and on LR - maybe this 'dirty' aspect is a breeding ground for disease causing bacteria or viruses? Tanks with LR and one or two inches of sand - maybe this was the cause of my loosing H. barbori seahorses to bacterial infection?
Looking more deeply into this reef keeping forum is already suggesting better ways of doing things better.