@Ohashimz If you have been at the doctor and they put a funny plastic cap over your thumb. The thumb become read and the doctor says 85 % saturation of blood oxygen - then you have test the technique I think they use.
@MnFish1 Fact about oxygen, saltwater and temperature. The content of free oxygen gas in water is mainly depended of the temperature in open systems. In freshwater 100% saturation of O
2 is 8.25, 8.12, 7.97 and 7.84 mg/l (ppm) at 25, 26, 27 and 28 degree C. Saltwater contain around 1.5 ppm lower - it means around 6.75, 6.62, 6.47 and 6.34 mg/l (ppm).
Source. 100 % saturation is not very common during night time - normally it is around 80% in a tank with a good skimmer - it means that the oxygen level is around 5.3 - 5.0 mg/l. During daytime (if there is photosynthetic organism in the system) oxygen levels can rise very high - more than 100% (supersaturation). But when the light turns down - the photosynthesis disappear and the coral animals (and fish, inverts, bacteria and other oxygen users) will lower the oxygen levels through the cell metabolism (even algae does that) If you have a tank with a huge biomass of corals (as I do) - there is a huge risk that oxygen levels can go below 5.0 ppm and that can be fatal. Low oxygen levels is also a stress factor for fish and many disease outbreak can be caused by this IMO. Before this tank - I run mainly without a skimmer and an oxydator. In this tank - I use an over-sized skimmer for aeration of my water (and for other type of gas exchange), an oxydator and a reversed refugium. all of this because of the problem with oxygen and saltwater. Below 5 mg/l (ppm) the second step in the nitrification process can stop too - known from fresh water.
Many issues with corals may be connected with low oxygen levels during night time. For fish - I have had one huge fish kill in an aquarium with much soft corals during one night - no skimmer in that tank. This with low oxygen levels during night time and a huge biomass of photosynthetic organisms is well known from planted fresh water aquariums.
Carbon dioxide is a underestimated problem too (IMO) to high CO
2 levels can stress fish and even kill fish. It is also depended of the light regime because it is the waste from the respiration of O
2. The pH drop you see during night time is caused by CO
2 production from your organisms respiration. For me - this is two parameters that can crash a tank.
Sincerely Lasse