In many cases, an urchin will drop spine needles due to a reaction to stress (perhaps from acclimation) but it is totally possible for the urchin to regenerate and do fine, granted, your water quality is good. The spines might appear to be gone but can remain in the deeper layers of skin. In some cases , even with lost needles, the urchin will still do fine in the tank and in time you can see some areas where the spines are re-growing.
Give him a stress-free environment and excellent water quality, and he may recover in time.
However, and I say however, the three most common reasons for an Urchin to lose spines are:
- Osmotic Shock - typically from a rapid decrease in salinity. This can be something as simple as adding a weeks worth of top off all at once
- high nitrate levels (above 10ppm) are some of the biggest causes for urchins not surviving
- Starvation - they are fairly easy to feed. Try an algae sheet if its' not too late
- Low Salinity. Depending on the species they do not tolerate low salinity well