Very nice experiment you did here ;-)
Funny to see an ol school reef enthusiast being so emotional touched by killing one of his corals.
Must be the respect to these highly complex, still very underestimated life forms which is a mix of a plant and an animal and it's own symbiotic bacterial biology within it's tissue layer....... fascinating.
Anyways, concerning food chain, there is unfortunately not a lot of data with your post, how the Nitrogens such as Ammonia, Nitrate and as well Nutrients such as Phosphates were at the time of the experiment. In case you would have had some Nitrates and Phosphates left during this time, I expect the Ammonia would have been the main limiting factor to the coral starvation? Knowing other nutrients such as Aminos and fatty acids are of importance as well, would the coral have passed away in your opinion if you would have supplemented Ammonium?
This appears like the traditional Zeolite starvation phenomenon where N & P are highly absorbed by the media prior feeding the nitrogen cycle and corals.