I was using a typical refractometer then started to think that there's so many different variables that would impact a true reading - calibration, holding the calibration, quality of refractometer, cleaning of it, etc...I finally settled on a Tropic Marin Hydrometer and am definitely sold - nothing to calibrate and easy to use.
The refractometer I was using was just off 1ppm, so I calibrated it against the Hydrometer - I'll use it for quick checks, but for anything more critical, the Hydrometer is the goto for me. Of course provided that the Tropic Marin is as high precision accurate as the claim - it's great that the scale is broken down so granular to give within the 0.000x value - this is not possible with a refractometer.
I wonder how these things are made and how they are calibrate, but I trust they are accurate.