What size square tube for tank stand?

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Kbra

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So i am building stand for a 108" Long x 30" deep x 24" tall tank and im trying to determine what wall thickness tube i should use.

Im planning on using 2" x 2" but not sure on the wall size. 1/4"? 1/8"?

Thoughts or experience please...
 
Show me a basic plan and I'll run a finite element simulation for you...you gonna use low carbon steel? You gonna weld it?
 
Yes and Yes. Thinking 4 uprights (spaced evenly) in the front and four in the rear with the top and bottom beams running on top as a sold beam. There will be equal cross bars too (going from front to back)
 
Like this one from steelaquariumstands.com

96x18x36-01.jpg
 
check the show off your metal stands thread I have a few pics in there... The last 2 I built were for 300 gal tanks..96x30x36 tall and 1/8" steel I only put one upright in the center and 4 corners...
 
+1 to 1/8", I believe thats 11 gauge. Id go 4 uprights.
 
Had a little bit if a delay, I'll run it tonight.
 
I ran the FEA for you. I used the outer dimensions you listed as the water volume, and assumed that you would add 1Xtotal water volume in weight of sand and 1.5 X total water volume in weight of liverock. I assumed 8.4 lbf is the weight per gallon of your water. This gave me a total supported weight of 3669 lbf. Below is a screenshot of my calculations. I used 2in x 2in hollow steel tubing, with a 1/8 in wall thickness and plain carbon steel as the working material model. The stand is 108 inches long with four evenly spaced support beams on the front and the back. The support beams are 32 in long, giving a total stand height of 36 inches. The stand is 30 inches deep. The material model assumes no defects within the material, and equal properties in all directions (homogeneous isotropic material model).

calc01.PNG

First I ran a static FEA to determine if the internal stresses will exceed the yield stress of the steel. I said the bottom of the stand (part on the ground) cannot move and applied the calculated load to the upper surface. I used the von mises stress as the failure criteria. Below is a screenshot of the results showing the internal yield stresses automatically scaled to the maximum induced stress.

vonMises03.jpg


Then I normalized the stress plot with the yield stress of steel. Below is a screenshot of the normalized plot.

vonMises04.jpg


Observation of the normalized plot, I can say with confidence that the stand will not yield due to overloading the material. My next step was to determine if the stand will buckle, which is a more critical failure mode with long tubes. I ran the buckling simulation with the same boundary conditions as the static test shown before. I only found the first buckling mode, as that is the lowest loading condition and typically the first to fail. Below is a plot of the buckling test with true displacement scale and a 45X displacement scale. Be sure to read the next part, which is my explanation of the buckling analysis.

buckling01.jpg

buckling02.jpg


My FEA calculate a buckling load factor of around 263. This means that for this buckling mode to take place, the load would have to 263X the load applied in the simulation. With such a high buckling load factor, I can safely say that this stand design will not buckle due to the loading condition I applied in this simulation.

In summary, a cabinet with 2x2 hollow steel tubing with 1/8 inch wall thickness tubing using 4 equally spaced vertical supports in the front and the back and a support rim at the top and the bottom should be able to hold your tank full of water, rocks, and sand.
 
P.S. took me about an hour and a half, at $450 and hour that will cost you $675. Just kidding, I hope this helps you make your material selection. Also, if you build it and it fails, don't blame me...but I would say it is a manufacturing mistake ;)
 
Well hopefully your a PE and can provide me a stamped and signed copy of the FEA. :D

Thanks for doing the model. Im sure many will be able to reference this for future builds.
 
I have take the PE, have the time in just not the test...passed the FE a few years ago.
 
Im going to build a stand for a 115 gallon custom tall tank 48 x 18 x 31... Can I use 1 inch steel square tubing on all 4 corners and supports across the top for the stand to sit on?
 

IF YOU HAD TO TAKE A REEFING EXAM, WOULD YOU PASS?

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