No, not from eating brine shrimp. I mean if he's that thin even though he's actually eating what he's getting, he may be carrying parasites. It can take a while for the population in his body to build up enough that the effects are obvious, so you can't rule it out even if you've had him for some time.
The red spot does look like a wound. From what, I don't know.
Mandarins are not for beginners. They usually do not survive. Do a mercy killing on him in the freezer. He is finished. I suggest not getting a Mandarin again.
It's difficult to know which to hit first, but the sore may be from malnutrition. I would try Tetra Parasite Guard, followed by vita-chem and all the pods he can eat.
I'm surprised its still trying to feed I've never seen a mandarin that thin survive. I had a target mandarin as my first fish but I bought pods monthly and he did great untill he was put into a 30g and swam into my nem but I would honestly do the mercy kill in the freezer sorry to say so but these aren't easy fish to heal when they are that malnutritioned. Your only causing it pain and suffering, do it for the fish.