Recognizing the signs of...failure...?

We do not disrespect "newbies" in this thread. We are trying to get at the fact that many newer keepers try to ignore the research and ignore good advice for what they want to happen. I love hearing questions and helping anyone new to the hobby. It sounds great that you did research prior to beginning. But, you seem to be on the minor side, the majority do not do this anymore. So your "basic" questions would not be what we are talking about.

Simple answers that many hobbyists want are usually not feasible. We are talking about the full ecosystem. Nothing is an easy fix. Everything effects everything else. So, if someone gives you a simple answer, it is probably only part of the solution.

Also, many methods word as all system are unique in flora and fauna and desires of the keeper. Simple is not in the equation.

I hope you continue to ask questions. I hope you do not give up on all of us. I am no "expert", but I have lots of experience and love to help.
 
I think this whole thread is the biggest problem for many of us "newbies" and for us trying to do our research. There are too many know it all's and too much asinine attitudes that creates a separation between us trying to learn and you who preach patience but then complain of our basic questions when we ask someone we feel we can trust. You may be frustrated with our basic questions but many of us research hours online and we get unlimited answers that we try to apply to our situation.

I am grateful for all advise I receive, but the reality is, I consistently find that there is many "experts" that don't have simple answers or solutions and yet posts like these, in my opinion, are demeaning to us new to this and not as biology versed as many of you.

Alternatively, I would never consider posting something like this, in a field where I am an expert, for all of the "newbies" to feel inferior to you, the all knowing. I am learning, that's why I am here, I will make mistakes, I am sure all of you have too. I've had fish or corals die, so has the "experts" I speak too, we "newbies" are not here to hurt your hobby, we are here to enjoy it too. In my opinion, the only true experts are the ones that live under the water, not me or you. So please, be respectful of our "basic" questions and no one should have to pay any dues, this is not an exclusive fraternity of CEO's or something you guys own, it's a hobby, we should all treat it that way

Well, I'm certainly happy that you took the time to reply. And certainly a bit disappointed that, in my opinion, you completely missed the point. If this came across somehow as demeaning or "exclusive" I apologize. I don't think it did. It wasn't to bash newbies, or to discourage them from asking the important questions. It was to "preach" the need to do basic research, take SOME personal responsibility before jumping in- and for those of us in a position of "experience" to understand that we have a responsibility to give new hobbyists an instructional framework to achieve success. That occasionally means being firm and saying, "What are you thinking...?" It's never, ever been about "bashing" anyone, and quite honestly, I'm a touch offended by your assertion about this point...If you read my body of work in the hobby and industry, you'll realize I'm the last person who would ever engage in that. I will poke fun at the absurdities of the hobby, at all levels. I have no ego - nor do most of the experienced reefers here- that needs to be satisfied by "whacking" a newcomer and a seemingly simple question...totally not the point again...It's not some exclusive "fraternity" we are part of...But it is an important group. A group of people who are responsible stewards of precious animals from a very precious ecosystem...As "expert" (which I know almost none- everyone is learning), reefers, we ARE protecting the hobby, sir. Why? Because what happens if we don't give proper guidance (not demeaning or dogmatic attitudes)- meaning the recommendation to do at least "some" homework before buying a tank- is that we are endangering the very existence of a hobby, and industry, and most important, the reefs themselves...Why? Because the general public doesn't see the good work done by the many successful reefers at all experience levels on forums like this- who walk the walk and live sustainability and responsibility. What they see are guys like "Snorkel Bob" pinning the demise of the world's reefs on the aquarium hobby. They see buffoons on TV reality shows building phone booth tanks and throwing sharks in them on day one...They see the worst of what the smallest minority of people in the aquarium world do- and draw their conclusions from that. The hobby is assaulted from many angles by people who are completely ill-informed. We don't need "our own" to provide any "fuel" for that ridiculous fire.

So, yeah- if we don't tell a newbie to pick up a book once in a while, to at least get some familiarity before he or she forks over the money- then we are simply perpetuating the very worst of the stuff that the non-aquarium world perceives about our hobby. That's not snobbery or elitism. It's common sense.

All that being said, I do understand your frustration with information derived from research that you do...It is important to take most information wit ha grain of salt, so to speak...You need to look at some of the basic stuff like the nitrogen cycle, etc- that are "truths" or "constants" in the biological world (BTW, I am NOT a biology major- I have a Marketing degree)...and then talk to experienced reefers who are working with this stuff in daily practice. Easier said than done, of course. What irks me is when I would get a call from someone who invested thousands of dollars in a reef system and had no clue whatsoever about the basic principles of aquarium care. That's not snobbery. Thats disgust at stupidity and laziness. This is not like buying a car, where you don't really need to understand the merits of say, a single or double overhead cam engine to appreciate what it does in the road. An aquarium is a closed biological microcosm, subject to the laws of nature, which have been around for eons- and there is an absolute responsibility of EVERY reefer or aquatic hobbyist to at least have a basic familiarity with some of the basic principles that govern their aquariums BEFORE they start throwing thousands of dollars and the lives of helpless animals into the equation. If that comes off as a bit "snobby", that wasn't the intent. However, if this "attitude" saves the lives of just a few precious animals that would otherwise have been lost because someone felt that they didn't have a personal responsibility to educate themselves just a bit before jumping in, then it's all good. Thanks for voicing your opinion!

Scott
 
I understand, there are some great people out there and someone like yourself appears to be one of them. I just get tired of being treated like I'm an employee or intern, that owes something to someone, when I'm a customer or fellow hobbyist just trying to start out in this amazing hobby.

And yeah, Nanoreef person, I take it serious when the whole post appears to be serious. Read the whole thread, it sounds like these are serious posts by experienced people who are irritated by things new people are doing. I'm here on the forum for help and to share my experiences and new to forums overall. Maybe I did not catch that this was joke thread and if it is, I'm sorry, I totally overreacted and missed the joke. Responses like yours is the type of garbage I'm talking about....asinine and a put down, you're cooler than me I guess

Deniseandy, thank you for the respectful response. I'm sorry, I just get hit with this type of attitude or train of thought 9 out 10 times I ask a question. I put a disclaimer out every I me I ask a question, "I'm new", "I keep reading about this", "I was told this", or "I don't understand this", so that I can show "hey I'm trying and this may sound stupid but I need some help". Sorry to be defensive, I feel its disrespectful to write a list of complaints about people who are trying to learn what you already know.

Imagine the responses I would get if I write a list of 4 or 5 worst things of the experienced folks, I think I would get some "serious" replies
 
I understand, there are some great people out there and someone like yourself appears to be one of them. I just get tired of being treated like I'm an employee or intern, that owes something to someone, when I'm a customer or fellow hobbyist just trying to start out in this amazing hobby.

And yeah, Nanoreef person, I take it serious when the whole post appears to be serious. Read the whole thread, it sounds like these are serious posts by experienced people who are irritated by things new people are doing. I'm here on the forum for help and to share my experiences and new to forums overall. Maybe I did not catch that this was joke thread and if it is, I'm sorry, I totally overreacted and missed the joke. Responses like yours is the type of garbage I'm talking about....asinine and a put down, you're cooler than me I guess

Deniseandy, thank you for the respectful response. I'm sorry, I just get hit with this type of attitude or train of thought 9 out 10 times I ask a question. I put a disclaimer out every I me I ask a question, "I'm new", "I keep reading about this", "I was told this", or "I don't understand this", so that I can show "hey I'm trying and this may sound stupid but I need some help". Sorry to be defensive, I feel its disrespectful to write a list of complaints about people who are trying to learn what you already know.

Imagine the responses I would get if I write a list of 4 or 5 worst things of the experienced folks, I think I would get some "serious" replies

I have to tell you, I HATE thinking that you're getting attitude from ANYONE in the reef world...That is ABSOLUTELY NOT what the hobby, the "culture" and this forum are about..I assure you, anyone who puts you down is either 1)being misinterpreted, 2) IS a jerk, or 3)missing the point. The "culture" of reef keeping is based on caring for not only the animals, but for the people in the hobby..So I'm glad we can have these kids of conversations and express our feelings..We may go at it now and again in this forum- but as I've said repeatedly- this is a safe place for everyone to air their feelings- we perpetuate a culture of sharing and working together-the intent is not to be decisive or mean-spirited...so everyone can check their egos at the door... And man- you gave me an EXCELLENT idea for a blog post...thanks! LOL

Scott
 
Hey for as long as I have been in the hobby I still feel like a newbie at times. If it was not for the experts on coral reefs and those in the aquaculture there would be no hobby. Since this time around I have more time to read, I really am a newbie again. I ask questions of the experts and sometimes I have to step back and realize that the wording is not to be demeaning but for them it was a simple question and they gave a direct answer. Scott has been involved for a long time and I think just like you need to take control of your medical health the same is true of your tank health. Scott makes fun of the hobby in ways that make people think about why they are in it. Every tank is different so you have to heed what the true experts say but remember that it can be more difficult for yourself until you acquire the experience.
 
I think this whole thread is the biggest problem for many of us "newbies" and for us trying to do our research. There are too many know it all's and too much asinine attitudes that creates a separation between us trying to learn and you who preach patience but then complain of our basic questions when we ask someone we feel we can trust. You may be frustrated with our basic questions but many of us research hours online and we get unlimited answers that we try to apply to our situation.

I am grateful for all advise I receive, but the reality is, I consistently find that there is many "experts" that don't have simple answers or solutions and yet posts like these, in my opinion, are demeaning to us new to this and not as biology versed as many of you.

Alternatively, I would never consider posting something like this, in a field where I am an expert, for all of the "newbies" to feel inferior to you, the all knowing. I am learning, that's why I am here, I will make mistakes, I am sure all of you have too. I've had fish or corals die, so has the "experts" I speak too, we "newbies" are not here to hurt your hobby, we are here to enjoy it too. In my opinion, the only true experts are the ones that live under the water, not me or you. So please, be respectful of our "basic" questions and no one should have to pay any dues, this is not an exclusive fraternity of CEO's or something you guys own, it's a hobby, we should all treat it that way

Your frustration is understandable as this hobby has become overly complicated IMO and can be likened to having a tabletop full of manuals, each slightly different, some correct...some not so much...some apply to one type of tank...some are better suited to another. I can see where it can be difficult to determine which way to turn sometimes.

You seem to be having issues with 'The Experts'. I would suggest that a better term would be 'People with a lot of experience'. From this group, each person's experience can be either similar or somewhat dissimilar, yet each may be considered 'successful' in keeping a healthy reef tank. This is the nature of the hobby.

Much of what Scott has alluded to here is true today in the hobby. The truth isn't always pretty, but without airing the dirty laundry, there can be little progress towards improvement.
 
I think I need to apologize. My better half, who encouraged me to find a hobby and encouraged into this salty world, slapped me upside my head and woke me up to the point of this thread. I inappropriately read this as a rant on us new people not listening to the wise veterans. As my wife pointed out, that's not the case at all. This thread is intended to answer questions for why we might be failing.

In respect to my tirade, it was misdirected and I'm sorry to come across so bitter and angry. I keep getting hit with, what I perceive as, arrogance and I get a defensive complex that if I'm willing to spend my money, after doing my research as to what I want to do, I feel I deserve some help in achieving what I want.

For whatever reason, I took my frustration of my in person, local experiences put here, on you guys and I'm sorry. You all seem very nice and drastically different than what I experience in person. I would take my business to other places, but I get consistent attitudes, thus I had a perception that the people I refer to as "experts" are, for lack of a better term, jerk faces. The example that I have, which I experience the most is, within a lfs the experienced customers are met with smiles and helpful responses to their questions, and the responses I get, once they learn I am newer, is negative and I feel just trying to pass me off until I've got a years experience under my belt. That's why the "pay your dues" comment struck me wrong.

I am paying my dues and trying to get my experience, but how can I pay my dues without experiencing how to do things? My friends, family whomever are not into this stuff, so I spend hours online researching, because I going to the lfs. This then leads the matrix of what do I trust to be correct or accurate? what best fits my situation? what is the best methods for what I want?

As a result, I have failed a few times because I tried things that, honestly I wanted to work, but I had no consensus from my research on what I should do. Alternatively, I've had great success on things that the majority say wouldn't work.

So....as I have derailed this thread into something it is not intended to be, I sincerely apologize. I'm typically not angry, I was frustrated and I didn't mean to direct at you all. Scott, I would love to read blog about this, I'll be the first to like it!
 
I think I need to apologize. My better half, who encouraged me to find a hobby and encouraged into this salty world, slapped me upside my head and woke me up to the point of this thread. I inappropriately read this as a rant on us new people not listening to the wise veterans. As my wife pointed out, that's not the case at all. This thread is intended to answer questions for why we might be failing.

In respect to my tirade, it was misdirected and I'm sorry to come across so bitter and angry. I keep getting hit with, what I perceive as, arrogance and I get a defensive complex that if I'm willing to spend my money, after doing my research as to what I want to do, I feel I deserve some help in achieving what I want.

For whatever reason, I took my frustration of my in person, local experiences put here, on you guys and I'm sorry. You all seem very nice and drastically different than what I experience in person. I would take my business to other places, but I get consistent attitudes, thus I had a perception that the people I refer to as "experts" are, for lack of a better term, jerk faces. The example that I have, which I experience the most is, within a lfs the experienced customers are met with smiles and helpful responses to their questions, and the responses I get, once they learn I am newer, is negative and I feel just trying to pass me off until I've got a years experience under my belt. That's why the "pay your dues" comment struck me wrong.

I am paying my dues and trying to get my experience, but how can I pay my dues without experiencing how to do things? My friends, family whomever are not into this stuff, so I spend hours online researching, because I going to the lfs. This then leads the matrix of what do I trust to be correct or accurate? what best fits my situation? what is the best methods for what I want?

As a result, I have failed a few times because I tried things that, honestly I wanted to work, but I had no consensus from my research on what I should do. Alternatively, I've had great success on things that the majority say wouldn't work.

So....as I have derailed this thread into something it is not intended to be, I sincerely apologize. I'm typically not angry, I was frustrated and I didn't mean to direct at you all. Scott, I would love to read blog about this, I'll be the first to like it!
First off...there is almost never a need to apologize in this forum. We're about sharing opinions and points of view, some of which are different, or could come across as offensive to some...But the reality is, we NEED to express opinions and viewpoints...SO, you NEVR need to apologize. Unless you disagree with anything I say, in which case, you're out of line :p.

Seriously, not a problem. I'm glad you reread the thread to understand the true spirit in which it was intended. I think the reality is that, in a hobby with this many diverse personalities, we're bound to have differences in the way we believe experience should play a role in our progress. There are MANY hobbyists willing to give you honest, unconditional help and support- the very basis of our "culture" and the reason for this forum. I think the problem, as you have experienced, is that there are a few- definitely a few- arrogant jerks who will treat anyone who they don't "approve of" as a waste of time. They do not represent the values of he majority of reefers.

The real difficult pill for a lot of "experienced" reefers to swallow when helping newcomers is the exact point that I touched on...A certain percentage (regrettably, large!) of new hobbyists simply don't feel that they need to research stuff, or carry even a basic level of understanding about how a reef tank works. They just want the instant gratification without the background knowledge. In the end, they hurt themselves with this attitude, and I hope we can encourage experienced reefers to discourage this type of thinking, as it will only lead to greater frustration for all, and the loss of helpless animals because of the impatience of some. The reality is, the aquarium hobby is not "easy", when you take into accent the fact that we are dealing with living animals and the variable that go with keeping them in a glass or acrylic box! Some of the "basic" information is not glamorous, interesting, or fun to research, but it's the key component to a successful hobby "career."

That being said, your frustrations are valid: It's often hard to find what really is "right", and some of the information has to be gleaned from ugly, hard-fought experience. However, the good news is that there is a global community of great people who enjoy seeing others succeed, and who have all been where you are...and would love to help! It's what R2R is all about...Just keep visiting these forums, and asking the questions you need to ask! In the end, sharing is everything in this hobby.

You have NOT derailed the thread. Rather, you've enhanced it with your honesty, and your willingness to express how you feel. That's what this is all about!

Regards,

Scott
 
I am paying my dues and trying to get my experience, but how can I pay my dues without experiencing how to do things? My friends, family whomever are not into this stuff, so I spend hours online researching, because I going to the lfs. This then leads the matrix of what do I trust to be correct or accurate? what best fits my situation? what is the best methods for what I want?

This brings up a very valid point for the novice. Let me put it this way, if you see a man selling ice cream on the street and he says, "This is the best Ice Cream in the world!" and then you ask a few customers what they thought of the ice cream and received replies such as "it's just okay" or "nothing special", which would you most likely believe? The vast majority of experienced reef keepers on these forums have no specific agenda and do not do this as a business. However, they may have different methods that achieve a similar objective.

IMO, for the best chance of success, I'd suggest that you review some of the best examples of the reef system/size that you like and thoroughly review/understand the methods used to set up and maintain the systems. Look for systems that have been set up and stable for at least a year or two (more is even better). Then put that good knowledge into action and adjust if necessary along the way.

Good luck!
 
I think I need to apologize. My better half, who encouraged me to find a hobby and encouraged into this salty world, slapped me upside my head and woke me up to the point of this thread. I inappropriately read this as a rant on us new people not listening to the wise veterans. As my wife pointed out, that's not the case at all. This thread is intended to answer questions for why we might be failing.

In respect to my tirade, it was misdirected and I'm sorry to come across so bitter and angry. I keep getting hit with, what I perceive as, arrogance and I get a defensive complex that if I'm willing to spend my money, after doing my research as to what I want to do, I feel I deserve some help in achieving what I want.

For whatever reason, I took my frustration of my in person, local experiences put here, on you guys and I'm sorry. You all seem very nice and drastically different than what I experience in person. I would take my business to other places, but I get consistent attitudes, thus I had a perception that the people I refer to as "experts" are, for lack of a better term, jerk faces. The example that I have, which I experience the most is, within a lfs the experienced customers are met with smiles and helpful responses to their questions, and the responses I get, once they learn I am newer, is negative and I feel just trying to pass me off until I've got a years experience under my belt. That's why the "pay your dues" comment struck me wrong.

I am paying my dues and trying to get my experience, but how can I pay my dues without experiencing how to do things? My friends, family whomever are not into this stuff, so I spend hours online researching, because I going to the lfs. This then leads the matrix of what do I trust to be correct or accurate? what best fits my situation? what is the best methods for what I want?

As a result, I have failed a few times because I tried things that, honestly I wanted to work, but I had no consensus from my research on what I should do. Alternatively, I've had great success on things that the majority say wouldn't work.

So....as I have derailed this thread into something it is not intended to be, I sincerely apologize. I'm typically not angry, I was frustrated and I didn't mean to direct at you all. Scott, I would love to read blog about this, I'll be the first to like it!
Good for you <3 *hugs*

There remains the point also (that I think others missed) that if you fail to do your own research first, you will have no framework to distinguish good advice from bad advice when you go asking for it later. There's no such thing as a "dumb" or "noob" question when it comes to caring for these lovely animals, but you won't know if you're getting good advice if you have no foundation to distinguish BS from anything else.
 
Great thread! I've been a biology nerd since I was just a little guy. Keeping fish is only one aspect of my "obsession" with animals. I went on to keep an assortment of "creepy-crawlies" that the majority of my friends and family are afraid of to this day. "You have HOW MANY snakes in your house? You want to breed WHAT?! I'm never coming to your house again!" Anyway, I digress. My point is that I have always thought the learning was one of the most enjoyable aspects of this hobby. I am currently in the process of two builds after a long break from keeping any saltwater. The fact that I took a very long break has actually been exciting for me. Now I get to learn about all sorts of equipment and methodology that were not around in my last saltwater foray. This has been great fun! I'm researching all the new stuff to the point that my wife becomes irritated with how much time I spend on it. The idea that many people don't want to bother with the research part of this hobby really bums me out. Its all that learning and anticipation that makes this so much more fun. Personally, if it wasn't for the waiting, I don't think this hobby would be half as fun as it is. Call me crazy, but that's how it is for me.
 
Great thread! I've been a biology nerd since I was just a little guy. Keeping fish is only one aspect of my "obsession" with animals. I went on to keep an assortment of "creepy-crawlies" that the majority of my friends and family are afraid of to this day. "You have HOW MANY snakes in your house? You want to breed WHAT?! I'm never coming to your house again!" Anyway, I digress. My point is that I have always thought the learning was one of the most enjoyable aspects of this hobby. I am currently in the process of two builds after a long break from keeping any saltwater. The fact that I took a very long break has actually been exciting for me. Now I get to learn about all sorts of equipment and methodology that were not around in my last saltwater foray. This has been great fun! I'm researching all the new stuff to the point that my wife becomes irritated with how much time I spend on it. The idea that many people don't want to bother with the research part of this hobby really bums me out. Its all that learning and anticipation that makes this so much more fun. Personally, if it wasn't for the waiting, I don't think this hobby would be half as fun as it is. Call me crazy, but that's how it is for me.
Excellent points! Welcome back to the fray! I think that you and I are on the same page here...so much more enjoyable with the "homework" included!
 
Part of the fun of reefing, for me, is the homework itself; the lives of these creatures in the wild, the science behind how our equipment does what it does, and why it needs to do the things that it does, the ins and outs of creating an environment where exotic and incredibly beautiful creatures live together in a garden-like space that's pleasing to our eyes, hearts and minds.

I've done it. I've listened for what I _want_ to hear, instead of what I _need_ to hear, because that's easier to listen to. I read "My fish didn't make it through QT!", and didn't set one up. (Did you know that a QT is infinitely more difficult and annoying to set up _after_ there are a dozen fish in your DT, and you have to remove every coral and rock to get them out?!)

Scott, I've gotta say - I always enjoy reading your threads. Thought-provoking conversations develop, which often seem to help reveal a little more about one of the most poorly understood things in my world ... myself.

~Bruce
 
Part of the fun of reefing, for me, is the homework itself; the lives of these creatures in the wild, the science behind how our equipment does what it does, and why it needs to do the things that it does, the ins and outs of creating an environment where exotic and incredibly beautiful creatures live together in a garden-like space that's pleasing to our eyes, hearts and minds.

I've done it. I've listened for what I _want_ to hear, instead of what I _need_ to hear, because that's easier to listen to. I read "My fish didn't make it through QT!", and didn't set one up. (Did you know that a QT is infinitely more difficult and annoying to set up _after_ there are a dozen fish in your DT, and you have to remove every coral and rock to get them out?!)

Scott, I've gotta say - I always enjoy reading your threads. Thought-provoking conversations develop, which often seem to help reveal a little more about one of the most poorly understood things in my world ... myself.

~Bruce
Thanks, Bruce...And I think you hit it on the head...I like to help foster those thought-provoking conversations...It really helps us all learn something- you often never know WHAT- and helps build that wonderful sense of camaraderie that only fish geeks get! And yes, I understand about the "learning about yourself" aspect- It's a lot of fun for me, too! I'm gratified that the forum has such a huge amount of followers...even though these aren't always "how to frag an Acan" type threads, I think understanding the whole "thing" around the hobby is almost as valuable...And I'm always surprised by how much hunger there is in the reef community for this kind of discussion...Fun stuff! Thanks for participating- to you- and to everyone here!

-Scott
 
Always two sides of th story when it comes to beginners and experienced reefers coaching them. Ben in the hobby since 1998 and have run successful tanks and also coached a few reefers run their tanks after they had their share of issues or people who I got to assist early in the process.
It's always good to control the degree of coaching to make it a learning experience for the new comer and yes allow them to make some "mistakes" as that is the best way for them to learn, also this gives the experienced reefer a few surprises and makes for some learnings to him as well.
I've had all sorts of reactions with people meticulous in following advice and others doing dactyl e opposite, seeking other advice from other reefers (some times new reefers who position themselves as advisors or reference) or simply online... And it's all fine there's a million way to skin a cat and I've learned the hard way to keep the advice conservative and not to impose my opinion. I've had the weird reactions in LFS where my advice was seeked and when I advised against a certain purchase the some even had the weird thought that it was to keep the coral or fish for myself to buy after they left!
Yet the rewarding part is seeing the results of people I've coached and the minimum losses they've had throughout their learning curve and that is a pleasure.
One experience that brought be back to the ground is my last tank start which was a way more planned setup and a much larger size, better equipment and knowledge... Yet this tank cost me 3-4 years in the toughest start up I've had, where assisted by many very knowledgeable reefers I've met from different countries I couldn't even get my tank to start for 3 years during which I assisted new reefers start and mature some of their smaller and less equipped setups...
Again many ways to get things done and th pleasure of interacting with a community of reefers locally and online is the best so it's a shame when attitudes or arrogance ruin this.
 

IF YOU HAD TO TAKE A REEFING EXAM, WOULD YOU PASS?

  • Yes!

    Votes: 32 45.7%
  • Not yet, but I have one that I want to buy in mind!

    Votes: 9 12.9%
  • No.

    Votes: 26 37.1%
  • Other (please explain).

    Votes: 3 4.3%

New Posts

Back
Top